al. Dietary protein, aging and nutritional geometry. Ageing Res Rev. 2017;39:78–86. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28274839/

7929

Le Couteur DG, Solon-Biet S, Wahl D, et al. New horizons: dietary protein, ageing and the Okinawan ratio. Age Ageing. 2016;45(4):443–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27130207/

7930

Willcox BJ, Willcox DC, Todoriki H, et al. Caloric restriction, the traditional Okinawan diet, and healthy aging: the diet of the world’s longest-lived people and its potential impact on morbidity and life span. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1114:434–55. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17986602/

7931

Rizza W, Veronese N, Fontana L. What are the roles of calorie restriction and diet quality in promoting healthy longevity? Ageing Res Rev. 2014;13:38–45. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24291541/

7932

Willcox BJ, Willcox DC, Todoriki H, et al. Caloric restriction, the traditional Okinawan diet, and healthy aging: the diet of the world’s longest-lived people and its potential impact on morbidity and life span. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1114:434–55. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17986602/

7933

Willcox BJ, Willcox DC, Todoriki H, et al. Caloric restriction, the traditional Okinawan diet, and healthy aging: the diet of the world’s longest-lived people and its potential impact on morbidity and life span. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1114:434–55. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17986602/

7934

Abraham S, Lowenstein FW, Johnson CL. Preliminary Findings of the First Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 1971–1972. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Resources Administration, National Center for Health Statistics; 1974. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/82306

7935

Le Couteur DG, Solon-Biet S, Wahl D, et al. New horizons: dietary protein, ageing and the Okinawan ratio. Age Ageing. 2016;45(4):443–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27130207/

7936

Chen Z, Glisic M, Song M, et al. Dietary protein intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: results from the Rotterdam Study and a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(5):411–29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32076944/

7937

Green CL, Lamming DW, Fontana L. Molecular mechanisms of dietary restriction promoting health and longevity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2022;23(1):56–73. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34518687/

7938

Chen Z, Glisic M, Song M, et al. Dietary protein intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: results from the Rotterdam Study and a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(5):411–29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32076944/

7939

Levine ME, Suarez JA, Brandhorst S, et al. Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):407–17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606898/

7940

Mirzaei H, Suarez JA, Longo VD. Protein and amino acid restriction, aging and disease: from yeast to humans. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2014;25(11):558–66. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25153840/

7941

Hoy MK, Clemens JC, Moshfegh A. Protein intake of adults: what we eat in America, NHANES 2015–2016. Food Surveys Research Group, Dietary Data Brief No. 29. https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400530/pdf/DBrief/29_Protein_Intake_of_Adults_1516.pdf. Published January 2021. Accessed December 26, 2022.; https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400530/pdf/DBrief/29_Protein_Intake_of_Adults_1516.pdf

7942

Mirzaei H, Suarez JA, Longo VD. Protein and amino acid restriction, aging and disease: from yeast to humans. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2014;25(11):558–66. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25153840/

7943

Huang J, Liao LM, Weinstein SJ, Sinha R, Graubard BI, Albanes D. Association between plant and animal protein intake and overall and cause-specific mortality. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(9):1173–84. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32658243/

7944

Meroño T, Zamora-Ros R, Hidalgo-Liberona N, et al. Animal protein intake is inversely associated with mortality in older adults: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2022;77(9):1866–72. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34849845/

7945

Naghshi S, Sadeghi O, Willett WC, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2020;370:m2412. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32699048/

7946

Ortolá R, Struijk EA, García-Esquinas E, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. Changes in dietary intake of animal and vegetable protein and unhealthy aging. Am J Med. 2020;133(2):231–9.e7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33839765/

7947

Sun Y, Liu B, Snetselaar LG, et al. Association of major dietary protein sources with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: prospective cohort study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(5):e015553. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33624505/

7948

Zhong VW, Allen NB, Greenland P, et al. Protein foods from animal sources, incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a substitution analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2021;50(1):223–33. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33411911/

7949

Zheng J, Zhu T, Yang G, et al. The isocaloric substitution of plant-based and animal-based protein in relation to aging-related health outcomes: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2022;14(2):272. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35057453/

7950

Willcox BJ, Willcox DC, Todoriki H, et al. Caloric restriction, the traditional Okinawan diet, and healthy aging: the diet of the world’s longest-lived people and its potential impact on morbidity and life span. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1114:434–55. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17986602/

7951

Fraser GE, Shavlik DJ. Ten years of life: is it a matter of choice? Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(13):1645–52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11434797/

7952

Rizzo NS, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Sabate J, Fraser GE. Nutrient profiles of vegetarian and nonvegetarian dietary patterns. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113(12):1610–9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23988511/

7953

Kitada M, Ogura Y, Monno I, Koya D. The impact of dietary protein intake on longevity and metabolic health. EBioMedicine. 2019;43:632–40. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30975545/

7954

Schüler R, Markova M, Osterhoff MA, et al. Similar dietary regulation of IGF-1-and IGF-binding proteins by animal and plant protein in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Nutr. 2021;60(6):3499–504. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33686453/

7955

Kahleova H, Fleeman R, Hlozkova A, Holubkov R, Barnard ND. A plant-based diet in overweight individuals in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: metabolic benefits of plant protein.