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Larsson SC, Michaëlsson K, Burgess S. IGF-1 and cardiometabolic diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study. Diabetologia. 2020;63(9):1775–82. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32548700/

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Hartley A, Sanderson E, Paternoster L, et al. Mendelian randomization provides evidence for a causal effect of higher serum IGF-1 concentration on risk of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021;60(4):1676–86. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33027520/

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Nashiro K, Guevara-Aguirre J, Braskie MN, et al. Brain structure and function associated with younger adults in growth hormone receptor-deficient humans. J Neurosci. 2017;37(7):1696–707. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28073935/

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Schut AFC, Janssen JAMJL, Deinum J, et al. Polymorphism in the promoter region of the insulin-like growth factor I gene is related to carotid intima-media thickness and aortic pulse wave velocity in subjects with hypertension. Stroke. 2003;34(7):1623–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12791939/

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Potassium-rich foods linked to lower stroke risk. Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/potassium-rich-foods-linked-to-lower-stroke-risk-. Published November 14, 2014. Accessed January 2, 2023.; https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/potassium-rich-foods-linked-to-lower-stroke-risk-

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McCay CM, Dilley WE, Crowell MF. Growth rates of brook trout reared upon purified rations, upon dry skim milk diets, and upon feed combinations of cereal grains. J Nutr. 1929;1(3):233–46. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/1.3.233

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McDonald RB, Ramsey JJ. Honoring Clive McCay and 75 years of calorie restriction research. J Nutr. 2010;140(7):1205–10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20484554/

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Speakman JR, Mitchell SE, Mazidi M. Calories or protein? The effect of dietary restriction on lifespan in rodents is explained by calories alone. Exp Gerontol. 2016;86:28–38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27006163/

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Nakagawa S, Lagisz M, Hector KL, Spencer HG. Comparative and meta-analytic insights into life extension via dietary restriction. Aging Cell. 2012;11(3):401–9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22268691/

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Solon-Biet SM, McMahon AC, Ballard JWO, et al. The ratio of macronutrients, not caloric intake, dictates cardiometabolic health, aging, and longevity in ad libitum-fed mice. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):418–30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606899/

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Solon-Biet SM, McMahon AC, Ballard JWO, et al. The ratio of macronutrients, not caloric intake, dictates cardiometabolic health, aging, and longevity in ad libitum-fed mice. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):418–30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606899/

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Simpson SJ, Le Couteur DG, Raubenheimer D. Putting the balance back in diet. Cell. 2015;161(1):18–23. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25815981/

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Le Couteur DG, Tay SS, Solon-Biet S, et al. The influence of macronutrients on splanchnic and hepatic lymphocytes in aging mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70(12):1499–507. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25335766/

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Solon-Biet SM, Mitchell SJ, Coogan SCP, et al. Dietary protein to carbohydrate ratio and caloric restriction: comparing metabolic outcomes in mice. Cell Rep. 2015;11(10):1529–34. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26027933/

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Le Couteur DG, Tay SS, Solon-Biet S, et al. The influence of macronutrients on splanchnic and hepatic lymphocytes in aging mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70(12):1499–507. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25335766/

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Solon-Biet SM, McMahon AC, Ballard JWO, et al. The ratio of macronutrients, not caloric intake, dictates cardiometabolic health, aging, and longevity in ad libitum-fed mice. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):418–30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606899/

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Ingram DK, de Cabo R. Calorie restriction in rodents: caveats to consider. Ageing Res Rev. 2017;39:15–28. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28610949/

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Speakman JR, Mitchell SE, Mazidi M. Calories or protein? The effect of dietary restriction on lifespan in rodents is explained by calories alone. Exp Gerontol. 2016;86:28–38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27006163/

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Swindell WR. Dietary restriction in rats and mice: a meta-analysis and review of the evidence for genotype-dependent effects on lifespan. Ageing Res Rev. 2012;11(2):254–70. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22210149/

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Solon-Biet SM, McMahon AC, Ballard JWO, et al. The ratio of macronutrients, not caloric intake, dictates cardiometabolic health, aging, and longevity in ad libitum-fed mice. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):418–30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606899/

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Speakman JR, Mitchell SE, Mazidi M. Calories or protein? The effect of dietary restriction on lifespan in rodents is explained by calories alone. Exp Gerontol. 2016;86:28–38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27006163/

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Simpson SJ, Le Couteur DG, Raubenheimer D. Putting the balance back in diet. Cell. 2015;161(1):18–23. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25815981/

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Speakman JR, Mitchell SE, Mazidi M. Calories or protein? The effect of dietary restriction on lifespan in rodents is explained by calories alone. Exp Gerontol. 2016;86:28–38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27006163/

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Solon-Biet SM, McMahon AC, Ballard JWO, et al. The ratio of macronutrients, not caloric intake, dictates cardiometabolic health, aging, and longevity in ad libitum-fed mice. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):418–30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606899/

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Solon-Biet SM, Mitchell SJ, de Cabo R, Raubenheimer D, Le Couteur DG, Simpson SJ. Macronutrients and caloric intake in health and longevity. J Endocrinol. 2015;226(1):R17–28. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26021555/

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Wali JA, Raubenheimer D, Senior AM, Le Couteur DG, Simpson SJ. Cardio-metabolic consequences of dietary carbohydrates: reconciling contradictions using nutritional geometry. Cardiovasc Res. 2021;117(2):386–401. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32386289/

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Wali JA, Milner AJ, Luk AWS, et al. Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health. Nat Metab. 2021;3(6):810–28. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34099926/

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Vogtschmidt YD, Raben A, Faber I, et al. Is protein the forgotten ingredient: effects of higher compared to lower protein diets on cardiometabolic risk factors. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Atherosclerosis. 2021;328:124–35. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34120735/

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Wali JA, Raubenheimer D, Senior AM, Le Couteur DG, Simpson SJ. Cardio-metabolic consequences of dietary carbohydrates: reconciling contradictions using nutritional geometry. Cardiovasc Res. 2021;117(2):386–401. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32386289/

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Simpson SJ, Le Couteur DG, Raubenheimer D, et