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Salter CA, Mulhall JP. Guideline of guidelines: testosterone therapy for testosterone deficiency. BJU Int. 2019;124(5):722–9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31420972/
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Draisma G, Etzioni R, Tsodikov A, et al. Lead time and overdiagnosis in prostate-specific antigen screening: importance of methods and context. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(6):374–83. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19276453/
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Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prostate cancer statistics. CDC.gov. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/statistics/index.htm. Updated September 2, 2014. Accessed May 15, 2022.; https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/statistics/index.htm
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Ivlev I, Jerabkova S, Mishra M, Cook LA, Eden KB. Prostate cancer screening patient decision aids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2018;55(6):896–907. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30337235/
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Carter HB. American Urological Association (AUA) guideline on prostate cancer detection: process and rationale. BJU Int. 2013;112(5):543–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23924423/
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American Cancer Society recommendations for prostate cancer early detection. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/acs-recommendations.html. Updated April 23, 2021. Accessed May 5, 2022.; https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/acs-recommendations.html
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Tikkinen KAO, Dahm P, Lytvyn L, et al. Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2018;362:k3581. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30185545/
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Gigerenzer G, Mata J, Frank R. Public knowledge of benefits of breast and prostate cancer screening in Europe. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(17):1216–20. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19671770/
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Tikkinen KAO, Dahm P, Lytvyn L, et al. Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2018;362:k3581. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30185545/
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29801017/
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Early detection of prostate cancer. Harding Center for Risk Literacy. https://www.hardingcenter.de/sites/default/files/2021–11/fact%20%20box_PSA_EN_new_design_20201123_final.pdf. Updated November 2020. Accessed May 4, 2022.; https://www.hardingcenter.de/en/transfer-and-impact/fact-boxes/early-detection-of-cancer/early-detection-of-prostate-cancer-with-psa-testing
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Early detection of prostate cancer. Harding Center for Risk Literacy. https://www.hardingcenter.de/sites/default/files/2021–11/fact%20%20box_PSA_EN_new_design_20201123_final.pdf. Updated November 2020. Accessed May 4, 2022.; https://www.hardingcenter.de/en/transfer-and-impact/fact-boxes/early-detection-of-cancer/early-detection-of-prostate-cancer-with-psa-testing
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Al-Sharefi A, Quinton R. Current national and international guidelines for the management of male hypogonadism: helping clinicians to navigate variation in diagnostic criteria and treatment recommendations. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2020;35(3):526–40. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32981295/
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Swee DS, Gan EH. Late-onset hypogonadism as primary testicular failure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;10:372. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31244778/
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Rastrelli G, Carter EL, Ahern T, et al. Development of and recovery from secondary hypogonadism in aging men: prospective results from the EMAS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(8):3172–82. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26000545/
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Davidson LM, Millar K, Jones C, Fatum M, Coward K. Deleterious effects of obesity upon the hormonal and molecular mechanisms controlling spermatogenesis and male fertility. Hum Fertil (Camb). 2015;18(3):184–93. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26205254/
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Camacho EM, Huhtaniemi IT, O’Neill TW, et al. Age-associated changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function in middle-aged and older men are modified by weight change and lifestyle factors: longitudinal results from the