90. Knott M, Voss DE: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation. Ed. 2. Harper & Row, New York, 1968 (pp. 97–99).

91. Kraft GH, Johnson EW, LeBan MM. The fibrositis syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 49:155–162, 1968.

92. Kraus Н: The use of surface anesthesia in the treatment of painful motion. JAMA 16:2582–2583, 1941.

93. Kraus H: Clinical Treatment of Back and Neck Pain. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970.

94. Kuchera WA, Kuchera ML: Osteopathic Principles in Practice. Second Edition Revised, Greyden Press, Columbus, 1994.

95. Kugelbeig E, Hagbarth KE: Spinal mechanism of the abdominal and erector spinae skin reflexes. Brain 81:290–304, 1958.

96. Laskin DM: Etiology of the pain-dysfunction syndrome. J Am Dent Assoc 79:147–153, 1969.

97. Lewis C, Gevirtz R, Hubbard D, et al.: Needle trigger point and surface frontal EMG measurements of psychophysiological responses in tension-type headache patients. Biofeedback Self Reg 19(3): 274–275, 1994.

98. Lewit K: The needle effect in the relief of myofascial pain. Pain 6:83–90, 1979.

99. Lewit K: Muskelfazilitations- und Inhibitionstechniken in der Manuellen Medizin. Teil II. Postisometrische Muskelrelaxation. Manuelle Med 19:12–22, 1981.

100. Lewit K: Postisometric relaxation in combination with other methods of muscular facilitation and inhibition. Manual Med 2101-104, 1986.

101. Lewit K: Manipulative Therapy in Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System. Ed. 2. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 1991 (pp. 11, 81, 186).

102. Lewit K: Personal Communication, 1996.

103. Lewit K, Beiger M, Hoizmllller G, et al.: Breathing movements: the synkinesis of respiration with looking up and down. J Muscutoske Pain 5(4):57–69, 1997.

104. Liberson WT: Personal communication, 1979.

105. Lieber RL: Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1992 (see pp. 42–45).

106. Lloyd DP: Integrative pattern of excitation and inhibition in two-neuron reflex arcs. J Neurophysiol 9:421–438, 1946.

107. Lundervold AJ: Electromyographic investigations during sedentary work, especially typewriting. BrJ Phys Med 14:32–36, 1951.

108. Lynn, Paulette: Personal Communication, 1993.

109. Macdonald AJ: Abnormally tender muscle regions and associated painful movements. Pain 8:197–205, 1980.

110. Magnusson SP, Simonsen EB, Aagaard P, et al.: Mechanical and physiological responses to stretching with and without preisometric contraction in human skeletal muscle. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 77:373–378, 1996.

111. Maigne R: Low back pain of thoracolumbar origin. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 61:389–395, 1980.

112. Maloney, M: Personal Communication, 1996.

113. Maigoles MS: Letter to the editor. Pain 8:115–117, 1980.

114. McKeag PW: Fibrositis and panniculitis. Br J Phys Med 8:107–109, 1933.

115. McLaughlin CW Jr: Procaine infiltration in treatment of acute sprains. Milit Surg 97:457–460, 1945.

116. McNulty WH, Gevirtz RN, Hubbard DR, et al.: Needle electromyographic evaluation of trigger point response to a psychological stressor. Psychophysiology 31(3):313–316, 1994.

117. Melzack R: The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods. Pain 1:277–299, 1975.

118. Mennell JM: Joint Pain: Diagnosis and Treatment Using Manipulative Techniques. Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1964 (see pp. 3–5).

119. Mennell J: Spray-stretch for relief of pain from muscle spasm and myofascial trigger points. J Am Podiatry Assoc 66:873–876, 1976.

120. Mense S: Referral of muscle pain: new aspects. Am Pain Soc J 3:1–9, 1994.

121. Mense S, Simons DG: Muscle Pain. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. In Press.

122. Modell W, Travell J, et al.: Treatment of painful disorders of skeletal muscle. NY State J Med 48:2050–2059, 1948.

123. Modell W, Travell J, Kraus H, et al.: Relief of pain by ethyl chloride spray. NY State J Med 52:1550–1558, 1952.

124. Moldofsky H: The contribution of sleep-wake physiology to fibromyalgia, Chapter 13. In: Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia, Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol. 17. Edited by Fricton JR, Awad EA. Raven Press, New York, 1990 (pp. 227–240).

125. Moldofsky H, Scarisback P, England R, et al.: Musculoskeletal symptoms and non-REM sleep disturbance in patients with «fibrositis syndrome» and healthy subjects. Psychosom Med 37:341–351, 1975.

126. Morgan GJ Jr: Panniculitis and erythema nodosum, Chapter 75. In: Textbook of Rheumatology. Edited by Kelley WN, Harris ED, Ruddy S, et al., Vol. 2. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1981 (pp. 1203–1207).

127. Nagler JH: Injection treatment of sprains. Milit Surg 96:528–529, 1945.

128. Nielsen AJ: Personal communication, 1981.

129. Novich MM: Physical therapy in treatment of athletic injuries. Tex State J Med 61:672–674, 1965.

130. Ottaviani LB, Childers MK: Localization of neuromuscular junctions through needle electromyography. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 76:1045, 1995. (Abstr)

131. Patton IJ, Williamson JA: Fibrositis as a factor in the differential diagnosis of visceral pain. Can Med Assoc J 58:162–166, 1948.

132. Pizzolato P, Mannheimer W: Histopathologic Effects of Local Anesthetic Drugs and Related Substances. Charles С Thomas, Springfield, IU., 1961 (pp. 40, 41, 60, 71).

133. Prudden B: Pain Erasure: The Bonnie Prudden Way. M. Evans & Co., New York, 1980 (PP. 18, 19).

134. Rachlin ES: Trigger point management. Chapter 9. In: Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia. Edited by Rachlin ES. Mosby, St. Louis, 1994 (pp. 173–195).

135. Rasch PJ, Burke RK: Kinesiology and Applied Anatomy. Ed. 6. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1978 (pp. 46, 47).

136. Reitinger A, Radner H, Tilscher H, et al.: Morphologische Untersuchung an Triggerpunkten [Morphologic study of trigger points]. Manuelle Medizin 34:256–262, 1996.

137. Rinzler SH, Stein I, Bakst H, et al.: Blocking effect of ethyl chloride on cardiac pain induced by ergonovine. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 85:329–333, 1954.

138. Rinzler SH, Travell J: Therapy directed at the somatic component of cardiac pain. Am Heart J 35:248–268, 1948 (p. 250).

139. Ritchie JM, Ritchie BR: Local anesthetics: effect of pH on activity. Science 162:1394–1395, 1968.

140. Santiesteban AJ: Physical agents and musculoskeletal pain, Chapter 9. In: Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, Vol 2. Edited by Gould JA III, Davies GJ. CV Mosby, St. Louis, 1985:199–211.

141. Shea MJ, Keyworth D: Myofascial release: blending the somatic and orthopedic models. Clin Bull Myofascial Ther 2(1):65–75, 1997.

142. Simons DG: Muscle pain syndromes — parts I and II. Am J Phys Med 54:289–311, 1975, and 55:15–42, 1976.

143. Simons DG: Electrogenic nature of palpable bands and «Jump Sign» associated with myofascial trigger points. In: Advances in