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158
Alex Gray, “Sweden’s Forests Have Doubled in Size over the Last 100 Years,” World Economic Forum, December 13, 2018, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/12/swedens-forests-have-been-growing-for-100-years.
159
A major study of 111 nations found a negative relationship between temperature and labor productivity that was statistically significant. In fact, researchers found that a nation’s temperature level is the second-most contributing factor to explaining labor productivity overall. The greatest contributing factor was simply already being a highly developed nation. Kemal Yildirim, Cuneyt Koyuncu, and Julide Koyuncu, “Does Temperature Affect Labor Productivity: Cross-Country Evidence,” Applied Econometrics and International Development 9, no. 1 (2009): 29–38, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Cuneyt_Koyuncu/publication/227410116_Does_Temperature_Affect_Labor_Productivity_Cross-Country_Evidence/links/0a85e53467d19369e8000000/Does-Temperature-Affect-Labor-Productivity-Cross-Country-Evidence.pdf.
160
Pedro Renaux, “Poverty Grows and Poor Population in 2017 Amounts to 54.8 Million,” Agência IBGE, December 6, 2018, https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/en/agencia-news/2184-news-agency/news/23316-poverty-grows-and-poor-population-in-2017-amounts-to-54-8-million.
161
“Amazon Tribes,” Survival International, accessed January 2, 2020, https://www.survivalinternational.org/about/amazontribes.
162
“Brazilian Indians,” Survival International, accessed January 2, 2020, https://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/brazilian.
163
Linda Rabben, “Kayapo Choices: Short-Term Gain vs. Long-Term Damage,” Cultural Survival Quarterly Magazine, June 1995, https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/kayapo-choices-short-term-gain-vs-long-term-damage.
164
Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, an Abridgment, Ibid., 21–23.
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Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, an Abridgment, Ibid., 19.
166
Christopher Sandom et al., “Global late Quaternary megafauna extinctions linked to humans, not climate change,” Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences 281, no. 1787 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3254/.
167
Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, an Abridgment, Ibid., 24–26.
168
Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, an Abridgment, Ibid., 25-29.
169
J. A. J. Gowlett, “Discovery of Fire by Humans: A Long and Convoluted Process,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 371, no. 1696 (June 2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0164.
170
J. A. J. Gowlett, “Discovery of Fire by Humans: A Long and Convoluted Process,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 371, no. 1696 (June 2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0164.
171
Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, an Abridgment, 146.
172
Keith Thomas, Man and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes in England, 1500–1800 (Oxford University Press, 1983), 192. Animals in England, writes a historian, “had been divided into the wild, to be tamed or eliminated, the domestic, to be exploited for useful purposes, and the pet, to be cherished for emotional satisfaction.”
173
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad,” Environmental Progress, August 25, 2019, http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2019/8/29/an-interview-with-founder-of-earth-innovation-dan-nepstad.
174
“Brazil and the Amazon Forest,” Greenpeace, accessed January 20, 2020, https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/issues/brazil-and-the-amazon-forest. Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad,” Environmental Progress, August 25, 2019, http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2019/8/29/an-interview-with-founder-of-earth-innovation-dan-nepstad.
175
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
176
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
177
John Briscoe, “Infrastructure First? Water Policy, Wealth, and Well-Being,” Belfer Center, January 28, 2012, https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/infrastructure-first-water-policy-wealth-and-well-being.
178
John Briscoe, “Invited Opinion Interview: Two Decades at the Center for World Water Policy,” Water Policy 13, no. 2 (February 2011): 151, https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.000.
179
John Briscoe, “Infrastructure First? Water Policy, Wealth, and Well-Being.”
180
Rhett Butler, “Greenpeace Accuses McDonald’s of Destroying the Amazon,” Mongabay, April 7, 2006, https://news.mongabay.com.
181
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
182
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
183
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
184
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
185
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
186
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
187
David P. Edwards et al., “Wildlife-Friendly Oil Palm Plantations Fail to Protect Biodiversity Effectively,” Conservation Letters 3 (2010): 236–42, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00107.x.
188
Michael Shellenberger, “An Interview with Founder of Earth Innovation, Dan Nepstad.”
189
Dave Keating, “Macron’s Mercosur Veto – Are Amazon Fires Being Used as a Smokescreen for Protectionism?” Forbes, August 23, 2019, https://www.forbes.com.
190
Dave Keating, “Macron’s Mercosur Veto – Are Amazon Fires Being Used as a Smokescreen for Protectionism?” Forbes, August 23, 2019, https://www.forbes.com.
191
Dave Keating, “Macron’s Mercosur Veto – Are Amazon Fires Being Used as a Smokescreen for Protectionism?” Forbes, August 23, 2019, https://www.forbes.com.
192
“Jair Bolsonaro to Merkel: Reforest Germany, Not Amazon,” Deutsche Welle, August 15, 2019, https://www.dw.com/en/jair-bolsonaro-to-merkel-reforest-germany-not-amazon/a-50032213.
193
“Brazil’s Lula Blasts Rich Nations on Climate,” Reuters, February 6, 2007, https://www.reuters.com.
194
“The analyses show that in agriculturally consolidated areas (mainly southern and southeastern Brazil), land-use intensification (both on cropland and pastures) coincided with either contraction of both cropland and pasture areas, or cropland expansion at the expense of pastures, both cases resulting in farmland stability or contraction. In contrast, in agricultural frontier areas (i.e., the deforestation zones in central and northern Brazil), land-use intensification
