Шрифт:
Закладка:
127
Patricia Sellers, «The New Valley Girls», Fortune, October 13, 2008, https://fortune.com/2008/10/13/the-new-valley-girls-2/.
128
Robert Hof, «Look Out, Television: Google Goes for the Biggest Advertising Prize of All», Forbes, February 9, 2014, https://www.forbes.com/sites/roberthof/2014/01/22/look-out-television-already-the-king-of-online-ads-google-goes-for-the-big-prize/.
129
Amir Efrati, «The Ascension of Google’s Sridhar Rama swamy», The Information, April 6, 2015, https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-ascension-of-google-s-sridhar-ramaswamy. Рамасвами отрицал, что говорил это.
130
Liz Gannes, «Google Co-Founder Sergey Brin and 23andMe Co-Founder Anne Wojcicki Have Split», All Things D, August 28, 2013, https://allthingsd.com/20130828/google-co-founder-sergey-brin-and-23andme-co-founder-anne-wojcicki-have-split/.
131
Vanessa Grigoriadis, «O. K., Glass: Make Google Eyes», Van-ity Fair, March 12, 2014, https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2014/04/sergey-brin-amanda-rosenberg-affair. Сергей Брин и Энн Воджицки расстались в 2013 году и оформили развод в 2015-м. Представитель YouTube сказал, что компания не может подтвердить участие Брина в Burning Man.
132
Claire Cain Miller, «Google Appoints Its Most Senior Woman to Run YouTube», The New York Times, February 5, 2014, https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/05/google-appoints-its-most-senior-woman-to-run-youtube/.
133
Doerr, Measure What Matters, P. 166.
134
David Graeber, «On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs», Atlas of Places, 2013, https://www.atlasofplaces.com/essays/on-the-phenomenon-of-bullshit-jobs/.
135
Alex Morris, «When Google Walked», New York, February 5, 2019, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/can-the-google-walkout-bring-about-change-at-tech-companies.html.
136
Claire Stapleton, «Down the ’Tube: 10.3.2014», Tiny Letter, October 3, 2014, http://tinyletter.com/clairest/letters/down-the-tube-10-3-2014.
137
Ryan Mac, «Amazon Pounces On Twitch After Google Balks Due to Antitrust Concerns», Forbes, August 25, 2014, https://www.forbes.com/sites/ryanmac/2014/08/25/amazon-pounces-on-twitch-after-google-balks-due-to-antitrust-concerns/?sh=60d7c4865ab6.
* Принадлежит организации Meta, которая признана экстремисткой и запрещена на территории РФ.
138
Rolfe Winkler, «YouTube: 1 Billion Viewers, No Profit», The Wall Street Journal, February 25, 2015, https://www.wsj.com/articles/viewers-dont-add-up-to-profit-for-youtube-1424897967.
139
Jonathan Mahler, «YouTube’s Chief, Hitting a New ’Play’ Button», The New York Times, December 20, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/21/business/youtubes-chief-hitting-a-new-play-button.html.
140
Laszlo Bock, «Here’s Google’s Secret to Hiring the Best People», Wired, April 7, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/04/hire-like-google/.
141
Mahler, «YouTube’s Chief, Hitting a New ’Play’ Button».
142
«Silicon Valley Firms Reacted Quickly to Halt Spread of Steven Sotloff Beheading Video», NBC, September 4, 2014, https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/silicon-valley-firms-halted-spread-of-steven-sotloff-beheading-video/2085940/.
143
Jeff Stone, «James Foley Execution Video Creates Editorial Questions for Twitter, YouTube», International Business Times, August 20, 2014, https://www.ibtimes.com/james-foley-execution-video-creates-editorial-questions-twitter-youtube-1664478.
144
Barton Gellman and Ashkan Soltani, «NSA Infiltrates Links to Yahoo, Google Data Centers Worldwide, Snowden Documents Say», The Washington Post, October 30, 2013.
145
Ben Quinn, «YouTube Staff Too Swamped to Filter Out All Terror-Related Content», The Guardian, January 28, 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/jan/28/youtube-too-swampedfilter-terror-content.
146
Вариация на тему судебного афоризма судьи Луиса Брэндайса.
147
Mark Sweney, «Google Calls for Anti-Isis Push and Makes YouTube Propaganda Pledge», The Guardian, June 24, 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/jun/24/google-youtube-anti-isis-push-inhuman-beheading-videos-censorship.
148
Brooks Barnes, «Disney Buys Maker Studios, Video Supplier for YouTube», The New York Times, March 24, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/business/media/disney-buys-maker-studios-video-supplier-for-youtube.html.
149
Kevin Roose, «What Does PewDiePie Really Believe?» The New York Times, October 9, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/09/magazine/PewDiePie-interview.html. A Disney spokesperson did not offer any additional comment.
150
Andrew Wallenstein, «If PewDiePie Is YouTube’s Top Talent, We’re All Doomed», Variety, September 11, 2013, https://variety.com/2013/biz/news/if-pewdiepie-is-youtubes-top-talent-were-all-doomed-1200607196/.
151
Sven Grundberg and Jens Hansegard, «YouTube’s Biggest Draw Plays Games, Earns $4 Million a Year», The Wall Street Journal, June 16, 2014, https://www.wsj.com/articles/youtube-star-plays-videogames-earns-4-million-a-year-1402939896.
152
Kevin Roose, «The Making of a YouTube Radical», The New York Times, June 8, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/06/08/technology-youtube-radical.html.
153
Roose, «What Does PewDiePie Really Believe?»
154
Caitlin Dickson, «Richard Dawkins Gets into a Comments War with Feminists», The Atlantic, July 6, 2011, https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/07/richard-dawkins-draws-feminist-wrath-over-sexual-harassment-comments/352530/.
155
Brian Rosenwald, Talk Radio’s America: How an Industry Took Over a Political Party That Took Over the United States (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019). I relied on Rosenwald’s excellent book throughout this chapter.
156
Some early hits included «Amy Winehouse’s Disastrous Face» and «Vicious Girl Fight in the Bathroom».
157
Aja Romano, «What We Still Haven’t Learned From Gamergate», Vox, January 7, 2021, https://www.vox.com/culture/2020/1/20/20808875/gamergate-lessons-cultural-impact-changes-harassment-laws.
158
Kevin Roose, «Two: Looking Down», April 23, 2020, in Rabbit Hole, produced by The New York Times, podcast, 36:57, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/23/podcasts/rabbit-hole-internet-youtube-virus.html.
159
Brentin Mock, «Neo-azi Groups Share Hate via YouTube», Southern Poverty Law Center Intelligence Report, April 20, 2007, https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-ate/intelligence-eport/2007/neo-azi-roups-hare-ate-outube.
160
Amy Brittain and Irin Carmon, «Charlie Rose’s Misconduct Was Widespread at CBS and Three Managers Were Warned, Investigation Finds», The Washington Post, May 3, 2018,
161
Gideon Lewisraus, «The Great A. I. Awakening», The New York Times, December 14, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/14/magazine/the-reat-ai-awakening.html.
162
Steve Levy, «Google Search Will Be Your Next Brain», Wired, January 16, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/01/google-search-will-be-your-next-brain/.
163
Casey Newton, «How YouTube Perfected the Feed», The Verge, August 30, 2017, https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/30/16222850/youtube-oogle-rain-lgorithm-ideo-ecommendation-ersonalized-eed.
164
Geoff Weiss, «This 4-Year-ld Has the Mostiewed YouTube Channel in the World», Tubefilter, September 8, 2016, https://www.tubefilter.com/2016/09/08/ryan-oys-eview-ost-atched-outube-hannel-in-the-orld/.
165
Joshua Cohen, «Meet the Top 1 % of YouTube’s ’Google Preferred’ Channels for Advertisers», Tubefilter,
