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151
S. Oppenheimer, Out of Eden: The Peopling of the World (London: Robinson, 2004).
152
S. Wells, The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey (London: Penguin, 2002).
153
Oppenheimer, Out of Eden; Wells, The Journey of Man.
154
G. Н. Orians and J. Н. Heerwagen, ‘Evolved Responses to Landscapes’, in J. H. Barkow et al. (eds), The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992); G. H. Orians, ‘Human Behavioural Ecology: 140 Years without Darwin Is Too Long’, Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. 79(1998): 15–28; idem, ‘Aesthetic Factors’, Encyclopaedia of Biodiversity 1(2001): 45–54.
155
Z. Majid, ‘The West Mouth, Niah, in the Prehistory of Southeast Asia’, Sarawak Mus. J. 23(1982): 1–200.
156
T. Harrisson, ‘Radio Carbon C-14 Datings from Niah: A Note’, Sarawak Mus. J. 9(1959): 136–8.
157
G. Barker et al., ‘The «Human Revolution» in Lowland Tropical Southeast Asia: The Antiquity and Behavior of Anatomically Modern Humans at Niah Cave (Sarawak, Borneo)’, J. Hum. Evol. 52(2007): 243–61.
158
Если специально не указано иное, даты радиоуглеродного анализа приведены в некалиброванном виде. Содержание углерода в атмосфере менялось в разное время, что означает, что радиоуглеродные годы могут быть не эквивалентны календарным годам и требуют калибровки. Поскольку не существует надежной калибровочной кривой для радиоуглеродного возраста старше 26 тысяч лет, безопаснее использовать некалиброванные данные дат старше 26 тысяч лет. Калиброванные даты, как правило, больше, чем некалиброванные, но разница зависит от содержания углерода в атмосфере в разные моменты времени.
Р. Reimer et al., ‘Comment on «Radiocarbon Calibration Curve Spanning 0 to 50,000 Years BP Based on Paired 230Th/234U/238U and 14C Dates on Pristine Corals» by R. G. Fairbanks et al.’, Quat. Sci. Rev. 24(2005): 1781–96.
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С. O. Hunt et al., ‘Modern Humans in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, during Oxygen Isotope Stage 3: Palaeoenvironmental Evidence from the Great Cave of Niah’, J. Arch. Sci. 34(2007): 1953–69.
160
Ниах находится на 3 °C севернее экватора. В разгар последней ледниковой эпохи температура воздуха на Борнео снизилась на 6–7 °C, а количество осадков уменьшилось на 30–50 %; Hunt et al., ‘Modern Humans in Sarawak’; M. I. Bird et al., ‘Palaeoenvironments of Insular Southeast Asia during the Last Glacial Period: A Savanna Corridor in Sundaland?’, Quat. Sci. Rev. 24(2005): 2228–42.
161
Barker et al., ‘The «Human Revolution»’.
162
В категории от 100 до 1000 килограммов; С. Finlayson, Neanderthals and Modern Humans: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004).
163
Barker et al., ‘The «Human Revolution»’.
164
Там же.
165
L. Beaufort et al., ‘Biomass Burning and Oceanic Primary Production Estimates in the Sulu Sea Area over the Last 380 kyr and the East Asian Monsoon Dynamics’, Mar. Geol. 201(2003): 53–65; G. Anshari et al., ‘Environmental Change and Peatland Forest Dynamics in the Lake Sentarum Area, West Kalimantan, Indonesia’, J. Quat. Sci. 19(2004): 637–55.
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170
R. C. Walter et al., ‘Early Human Occupation of the Red Sea Coast of Eritrea during the Last Interglacial’, Nature 405(2000): 65–9. В 2008 году были получены дополнительные доказательства того, что в это время стали ловить гигантских моллюсков в Красном море, но эти данные неоднозначны: С. Richter, et al., ‘Collapse of a New Living Species of Giant Clam in the Red Sea’, Curr. Biol. 18(2008): 1–6.
171
C. Marean et al., ‘Early Human Use of Marine Resources and Pigment in South Africa during the Middle Pleistocene’, Nature 449(2007): 905–9.
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J. H. Bruggemann et al., ‘Stratigraphy, Palaeoenvironments and Model for the Deposition of the Abdur Reef Limestone: Context for an Important Archaeological Site from the Last Interglacial on the Red Sea Coast of Eritrea’, Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 203(2004): 179–206.
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E. J. Rohling et al., ‘High Rates of Sea-Level Rise during the Last Interglacial Period’, Nat. Geosc. 1(2007): 38–42.
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S. Malaivijitnond et al., ‘Stone-Tool Usage by Thai Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)’, Am. J. Primatol. 69(2007): 227–33.
